ExecutiveOrdersEO
DetDeterminationG.W. Bush · R

Presidential Determination

Presidential Determination on the Proposed Protocol Amending the Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Kingdom of Morocco Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

President Bush approved a protocol amending the 1980 U.S.-Morocco nuclear cooperation agreement for peaceful uses of nuclear energy, finding it promotes common defense and security without unreasonable risk. The Secretaries of State and Energy are directed to execute and publish the protocol.

Federal Register Open PDF 66 FR 46695

Key directives

  • Approve proposed Protocol amending 1980 U.S.-Morocco nuclear cooperation agreement
  • Authorize Secretaries of State and Energy to arrange for protocol execution
  • Direct Secretary of State to publish determination in Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Presidential approval of protocol
  • Authorization for execution arranged

Near term (90d)

  • Federal Register publication by Secretary of State

Long term

  • Implementation of amended nuclear cooperation agreement terms

Risks & tensions

  • Nuclear cooperation agreements with non-nuclear weapon states carry inherent proliferation monitoring obligations
  • Post-9/11 context (signed August 2001) adds security sensitivity to nuclear technology transfers
Presidential Determination: Presidential Determination on the Proposed Protocol Amending the Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Kingdom of Morocco Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy · Executive Orders