ExecutiveOrdersEO
Det 85-14DeterminationG.W. Bush · R

Presidential Determination 85-14

Partial Resumption of Travel to Lebanon To Promote Peace and Security

Defense & SecurityDefense & SecurityTradeTradeImmigrationImmigration

In simple terms

This determination partially lifts a 22-year-old ban on U.S. air transportation to Lebanon, allowing only U.S. government-contracted carriers to fly passengers (including non-citizens) and humanitarian goods to and from Lebanon. All other prohibitions from the 1985, 1992, and 1998 determinations remain in effect.

Federal Register Open PDF 72 FR 31711

Record & deadlines

  1. Signed

    Signed by the President

  2. FR published

    Published in the Federal Register · 72 FR 31711

    Federal Register PDF

  3. Implementation of determination by Secretary of Transportation

Key directives

  • Permit U.S. government-contracted air carriers to transport passengers and baggage to/from Lebanon
  • Permit transport of humanitarian goods to/from Lebanon
  • Permit transport of other cargo/materiel to/from Lebanon
  • Maintain all other existing prohibitions
  • Implement immediately
  • Publish in Federal Register

Who is ordered

Prior policy

  • amendPresidential Determination 85-14
  • amendPresidential Determination 92-41
  • amendPresidential Determination 98-32

What to expect

Immediate

  • Implementation directive to Secretary of Transportation
  • Partial resumption of permitted air transportation services

Near term (90d)

—

Long term

  • Continued prohibition on non-contract U.S. carrier operations to Lebanon
  • Potential foundation for further policy changes

Risks & tensions

  • Narrow scope—only government-contracted carriers, not commercial aviation generally
  • Maintains most of Cold War-era sanctions framework
  • Security risks in Lebanon region during 2007 (2006 Lebanon War aftermath)
Presidential Determination 85-14: Partial Resumption of Travel to Lebanon To Promote Peace and Security · Executive Orders