ExecutiveOrdersEO
DetDeterminationClinton · D

Presidential Determination

Presidential Determination on the Proposed Protocol Amending the Agreement for Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada

President Clinton approved a protocol amending the 1955 U.S.-Canada civil nuclear cooperation agreement, finding it promotes common defense and security without unreasonable risk. The determination directs the Secretaries of State and Energy to arrange for the protocol's execution and requires publication in the Federal Register.

Federal Register Open PDF 64 FR 35921

Impact dates

  1. Arrange for protocol execution

  2. Publish determination in Federal Register

Key directives

  • Approve the proposed Protocol amending the 1955 Agreement for Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy with Canada
  • Authorize Secretary of State and Secretary of Energy to arrange for protocol execution
  • Direct Secretary of State to publish determination in the Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Presidential approval of protocol
  • Authorization for execution arranged

Near term (90d)

  • Protocol execution by State and Energy Departments
  • Federal Register publication

Long term

  • Implementation of amended civil nuclear cooperation terms
  • Ongoing U.S.-Canada nuclear energy trade and safeguards cooperation

Risks & tensions

  • Nuclear proliferation concerns inherent in any civil nuclear cooperation agreement, though president explicitly found no unreasonable risk
  • Vague timing for execution creates implementation uncertainty
  • Bilateral dependency: U.S.-Canada nuclear trade relationship subject to broader diplomatic dynamics
Presidential Determination: Presidential Determination on the Proposed Protocol Amending the Agreement for Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada · Executive Orders