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EO 13851Executive OrderTrump 45 · R

Executive Order 13851

Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Nicaragua

This executive order declares a national emergency over the situation in Nicaragua, imposing economic sanctions and visa restrictions on individuals and entities responsible for human rights abuses, undermining democratic institutions, corruption, or violence by the Nicaraguan government. It blocks all property and interests in property of targeted persons within U.S. jurisdiction and suspends their entry into the United States.

Federal Register Open PDF 83 FR 61505

Impact dates

  1. Recurring and final reports to Congress on national emergency per NEA and IEEPA

Key directives

  • Block all property and interests in property of designated persons in U.S. jurisdiction
  • Suspend immigrant and nonimmigrant entry of designated persons
  • Prohibit donations of specified articles to blocked persons
  • Prohibit contributions, provision of funds/goods/services to or from blocked persons
  • Prohibit evasion, avoidance, or conspiracy to violate order
  • Authorize Treasury Secretary to promulgate implementing regulations
  • Authorize Treasury Secretary to submit recurring and final reports to Congress on national emergency

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Property blocking takes effect upon determination by Secretary of Treasury
  • Visa suspension effective immediately for designated persons
  • No prior notice required for listings

Near term (90d)

  • Treasury/State implementation of designation criteria
  • Potential promulgation of regulations
  • Congressional reporting on national emergency

Long term

  • Ongoing sanctions enforcement and designation updates
  • Potential expansion based on situation in Nicaragua
  • Recurring congressional reports on emergency status

Risks & tensions

  • Broad designation criteria (iii) covers all Nicaraguan officials since January 10, 2007, creating potential for wide-reaching sanctions scope
  • No prior notice provision (Section 7) raises due process concerns for affected persons with constitutional presence in U.S.
  • Vague 'national interest' waiver for visa suspension grants discretionary power to Secretary of State without defined standards
  • Reliance on Treasury/State consultation for determinations centralizes authority with limited procedural transparency
Executive Order 13851: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Nicaragua · Executive Orders