ExecutiveOrdersEO
EO 13887Executive OrderTrump 45 · R Quiet signal

Executive Order 13887

Modernizing Influenza Vaccines in the United States to Promote National Security and Public Health

HealthcareHealthcareDefense & SecurityDefense & SecurityEconomy & LaborEconomy & LaborFederal WorkforceFederal Workforce

In simple terms

This executive order establishes a National Influenza Vaccine Task Force co-chaired by Defense and HHS to modernize U.S. influenza vaccine production away from egg-based methods toward faster, scalable cell-based and recombinant technologies. It mandates a 5-year national plan and directs multiple agencies to estimate costs, expand manufacturing capacity, and accelerate development of broadly protective vaccines.

Federal Register Open PDF 84 FR 49935

Record & deadlines

  1. Signed

    Signed by the President

  2. FR published

    Published in the Federal Register · 84 FR 49935

    Federal Register PDF

  3. Second annual update on Plan implementation

  4. Task Force report with 5-year national plan due

Key directives

  • Establish National Influenza Vaccine Task Force co-chaired by Secretary of Defense and Secretary of HHS
  • Task Force to submit report within 120 days including 5-year national plan for agile/scalable vaccine manufacturing
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding cell-based and recombinant manufacturing capacity through private-sector cost-sharing agreements
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding domestic adjuvant production capacity
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding fill-and-finish capacity for pandemic response
  • HHS to evaluate incentives and emergency technology transfer to public-private partnerships
  • NIH to provide estimated timelines for strategic plan implementation
  • FDA to implement production process improvements and develop alternative timing for vaccine virus selection
  • CDC to expand vaccine effectiveness studies and develop plan for whole genome characterization capacity
  • CMS to examine payment framework for domestically manufactured pandemic-responsive vaccines
  • DOD to provide OMB cost estimate for transitioning annual vaccine procurement to modernized domestic vaccines
  • DOD to assess feasibility of using advanced manufacturing facility for pandemic cell-based/recombinant vaccine production

Who is ordered

What to expect

Immediate

  • Task Force establishment with specified membership
  • Co-Chairs designated (Defense Secretary and HHS Secretary)

Near term (90d)

  • Task Force report due within 120 days with 5-year national plan
  • HHS cost estimates for manufacturing expansion
  • DOD and VA cost estimates for vaccine procurement transition

Long term

  • Annual implementation updates for 5 years following initial report
  • Potential transition of DOD and VA procurement to modernized vaccines
  • Development of broadly protective universal vaccine candidates
  • Expansion of domestic manufacturing capacity

Risks & tensions

  • Implementation explicitly 'subject to availability of appropriations' may limit execution without Congressional funding
  • Cost-sharing agreements with private sector require negotiated pricing strategies that may create tension between pandemic preparedness and market incentives
  • Egg-based manufacturing incumbent interests may resist transition despite stated policy
  • Emergency technology transfer provisions raise potential intellectual property tensions with manufacturers
  • Task Force termination left to presidential discretion creates uncertainty for long-term continuity
  • Vague: 'estimate' language used throughout rather than mandate actual expansion; actual implementation depends on subsequent budget decisions
Executive Order 13887: Modernizing Influenza Vaccines in the United States to Promote National Security and Public Health · Executive Orders